"Footnote 4 of Carolene Products" is perhaps the most famous of all legal footnotes. That footnote, arguably the most famous in legal history, reads in relevant part: at 152 n.4. Pretty clearly Justice Rutledge was referring both to text and the footnote. This refers to footnote 4 from Justice Stone's majority opinion in United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U.S. 144, 152 (1938). This section provides a justification for judges to apply heightened review for some statutes but not others. Peter Linzer, The . “Is Carolene Products Obsolete.”University of Illinois Law Review 2010.4 (2010): 1251-1270; Gilman, Felix. Linzer suggests that only two other footnotes have had such an impact on constitutional law: footnote eleven of . Second, as others have pointed out, a reader needs something to point to when citing the material. Among other things, Footnote Four suggested that "prejudice against discrete and insular minorities may be a special condition, which tends seriously to curtail the … Carolene Products Co. (1938), the U.S. Supreme Court rejected a due process challenge to federal regulations of interstate shipments of filled milk. “Beyond “Carolene Products”” Harvard Law Review 98, no. § 61 et seq.)] Reproducing the case without the numbered footnote won't fly. Strauss, David A. 4 (1985): 713-46. I refer, of course, to Justice Stone’s famous footnote 4 in U.S. v. Carolene Products. Footnote and the Preferred Position of Individual Rights: Louis Lusky and John Hart Ely vs. Harlan Fiske Stone, 12 C. ONST. book in 1950, he included Carolene Products as a principal case in the section on due process and economic regulation,'" and placed a discussion of Footnote Four in the section on speech and reli- CAROLENE PRODUCTS COMPANY, UNITED STATES v. Footnote Four 304 U.S. 144 (1938)Footnote four to Justice harlan f. stone's opinion in united states v. carolene products co. (1938) undoubtedly is the best known, most controversial footnote in constitutional law. I refer, of course, to Justice Stone’s famous footnote 4 in U.S. v. Carolene Products. Carolene Products footnote 4 famously advance in dictum a “process” rationale for the then-evolving system of two-tiered judicial review. Stone used it to suggest categories in which a general presumption in favor of the constitutionality of legislation might be inappropriate. I. CAROLENE PRODUCTS AND FOOTNOTE FOUR Carolene Products v. 7. Odd, however, is the authority cited at the very end of the footnote. Carolene Products. This look at what Harlan Fiske Stone, Charles Evans Hughes, Wiley Rutledge and the other members of the Court said about Footnote Four in its early years is, how­ ever, a good place to start. Ackerman, Bruce A. but also set forth a philosophy for a new jurisprudence in a footnote to Justice Harlan Stone’s opinion for the Court. 277, 277 (1995). The citation to Carolene Products does not actually mention Footnote Four, but cites 304 U.S. 152-153, the pages on which the footnote appears. The Supreme Court's decision in United States v. Carolene Products Co. generated the most famous footnote-and perhaps the most famous passage-in all of the American Judiciary's treatment of constitutional law. See. Specifically, United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U.S. 144 (1938), is significant in three respects: Carolene Products Co., the Court upheld the act [Federal Filled Milk Act of 1923 (21 U.S.C.A. 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